Thursday, December 5, 2013

Final Essay: Transitions for a Modern Era

     Transitions for a Modern Era
     100 years ago today the first gas station opened in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. This achievement is far more than just an obscure factoid, it’s a remarkable reminder of how far technology has come in a short time. The birth of mass automotive transportation was exactly one century ago, and we now live in a time of supersonic jets, drone missile strikes, and Facebook. The cultivation of large scale communication and information sharing through the development of radio, telephone, television, the internet, and transportation technologies has ushered in a transitional era of cultural visibility and cross pollination that is resulting in the blurring of traditional ideologies. This, along with a widespread movement toward a more secular, humanist society, is making the concept of established rites of passage irrelevant, while promoting exploration of the Self and construction of individual rites of passage.
     Progress towards becoming a fully actualized human being despite the confusion that stems from not having concrete cultural traditions comes in the form of identity cultivation. This process continues for one’s entire life, but it begins at a very young age. In “The Teening of Childhood” Kay Hymnowitz comments on commerical marketing to children: “The media’s ‘liberation’ of children from adults also has the mischievous effect of binding them more closely to the peer group. In turn, the peer group polices its members’ dress and behavior according to rules set by this unrecognized authority (the media).” Hymnowitz highlights one of the most powerful influences on identity establishment in modern society, which is the influence of advertisement and media in our daily lives. For children in particular, tradition and family bonding have taken a backseat to promotional marketing, which instills a false sense of independence in kids in order to fulfill capitalist ulterior motives. This process causes the bypass of a spectacular period of childhood discovery that defines who we will become, and it is one of the pitfalls of the transitional period we find ourselves in now. With information coming at us from different angles all the time from sources with various agendas, it’s nearly impossible not begin identifying oneself by what is presented to us as desirable everywhere we go. This depersonalization of identity formation will continue, but with time we will better understand the effects of mass marketing and be more able to distance ourselves from its influence on individual development.
     One of the most compelling developments that is spurring the transition from localized culture to globalized culture is the improvement and increased availability of communication technology around the world. With the advent of the Internet the free exchange of ideas from long distance has never been so easy, and for the first time in our history we are able to network cultures from across the globe. This is an incredibly powerful tool, but it is also causing complacency and what Robert Bly calls a “sibling society.” He says: “We see what’s coming out the side view mirror. It seems like intimacy; maybe not intimacy as much as proximity; maybe not proximity as much as sameness. Americans who are 20 years old see others who look like them in Bosnia, Greece, China, France, Brazil, Germany, and Russia, wearing the same jeans, listening to the same music, speaking a universal language that computer literacy demands.” Bly asserts that this sameness and feeling of vital connection to peer groups (“siblings”) that exist elsewhere creates a culture of self-satisfied people who are set in their ways and unable to escape “half-adulthood.” This could be seen as a function of not having established rites of passage, but it is more a crisis personal identity than yearning for cultural structure. In Bly’s example for instance, people from all over the world may be wearing the same clothes and listening to the same music, but that doesn’t mean that you can standardize what it means to become a fully actualized adult for them. Societal rigidity in the form of established rites of passage are no longer effective in preparing people for adulthood because the lines between cultures have been blurred by the dissemination of information on the Internet and other communication mediums.
     We are at the center of a massive shift in the way humanity organizes itself, and such a transitional time comes with difficulties. Much of the social unrest of the last hundred years has stemmed from a communication breakdown during changing times, often with one side taking a more progressive stance and the other side defending what is considered acceptable. As established rites of passage become more irrelevant and self-discovery becomes paramount, conflicts over ideology should become less severe due to a greater level of understanding and open-mindedness that has been promoted by more effective ways of communicating. Society may be suffering some now, but the improvement and increased availability of ways to exchange ideas will result in a much more peaceful, understanding world.
     Holding on to ideas that expect cookie-cutter remedies, the medical industry in the West has failed to adapt to the changing times. Over diagnosis of personality disorders and immoderate prescription of powerful mood-altering drugs has left little room for argument about the value of truly individualized medicine, which is few and far between these days. Melvin Urofsky provides two powerful examples of the depersonalization and down right disrespect that the medical industry can display in “Two Scenes From A Hospital.” Urofsky tells the story of Rocco Musolino who, after suffering a series of heart attacks, was kept alive by machine for 102 days after explicitly stating that he did not want to die that way in his will. His tale is one of doctors playing God and thinking that they always know what’s in a patient’s best interest, which is certainly not the case when they are ignoring precisely what the patient has legally stated they want. Dealing with issues of death causes one to examine what it means to die and feel at peace with death, which will always be different for each individual. Urofsky’s story is sad because Musolino was cheated out of the greatest rite of passage in life: the passage into death. This is an extremely personal journey, and the preparation for leaving the Earthly realm shouldn’t involve doctors telling you what you can and cannot do. Everyone has the right to live a healthful life and die in whatever way is most comfortable to them, but when outside opinions and ideas are introduced the entire situation is no longer a journey of personal transition, but a morbid power grab to impose one individual’s beliefs on another in their weakest moment.
     The value of rites of passage cannot be overstated, but modern times call for modern solutions, and it is clear that the methods of implementation for these rites in the past will no longer work in the digital age. Broad generalizations and conventional wisdom no longer apply in a society where the each individual is valued for the uniqueness and ability to defy convention. This type of society will foster far-reaching cultural growth and result in a period of unprecedented innovation that will align with technology’s rapid evolution to promote a dynamic society unlike anything humanity has ever established before. The progression from the transitional phase we find ourselves in now, and the endgame of a truly globalized culture will not be an easy one. The creation of new communication technology and the movement toward a more humanist society that values individualism and innovation over bland conformism will continue to make established rites of passage irrelevant, until it is an archaic idea all together. Modern society will embrace personality and promote everyone to find their own way, so that together we can overcome the exclusionist ideologies of the past and enter a new era of global culture and mutual respect.

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